Currently, people of different age groups have various diseases of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, rheumatological and bone diseases.Anyone at any age can get sick.But the most common diseases are the musculoskeletal system.These diseases can occur in both adults and younger people.Small joints are most commonly affected, such joints include the formations of the hands and feet.For what reasons do the joints of bone structures hurt, what causes pain in the joints of the fingers and how to treat it?
Reasons
When pain appears in the arm area, we do not pay it the necessary attention for some time;meanwhile, the progression and development of the disease occurs.What diseases can cause pain in the joints of the fingers?The most common diseases of bone joints that can provoke a painful attack:
- Polyosteoarthrosis of bone joints.
- Arthritis (rheumatoid or psoriatic).
- Exacerbation of gout.
- Tenosynovitis
- Rhizarthrosis.
- Limb injury.
- Violation of microcirculation.
- Pathology of nerve endings or spine.
- Untimely treatment of chronic diseases.
Why do my finger joints hurt?Pain in the joints of the fingers in different pathologies has different causes.Let's consider in detail the characteristics of pain in various pathologies.
Osteoarthritis
When polyosteoarthrosis occurs, pain in the joints of the fingers of the hands can occur both in people under 45 years of age and in those over 55 years of age.In this pathology, a distinctive feature is that when the joints are damaged, Heberden's nodes appear.They are located on the back of the palm, which is also characteristic of the fact that they are formed in the same way (on the right and on the left hand at the same time in similar places).
Nodules may appear on the phalanges of the fingers (the index and middle fingers are most often affected).It is at the moment of formation of such a node that the patient may feel an unpleasant sensation of burning, pain, swelling and redness.First of all, it is necessary to treat the original cause.
Rheumatoid arthritis
In rheumatoid arthritis, finger joints hurt in 6-7 percent of cases.The disease can appear in people of different age groups, women are more often affected and it is formed against the background of emotional stress, after colds, infections or hypothermia.The disease begins with inflammatory changes, after which the affected joint swells slightly, the pain intensifies when bending the phalanges of the right and left hand.The lesion is usually symmetrical and other joints, even large ones, may be affected.
The pathology has an inflammatory nature of pain (intensifies at night and in the morning, and during the day and evening the pain decreases slightly).In addition to these symptoms, the patient feels weak, has a fever and may have chills.Therapy should be aimed at treating the underlying disease.
Psoriasis
In 5% of cases, pain may occur due to psoriatic arthritis.People between the ages of 20 and 50 who have skin lesions (psoriatic plaques) are affected.The peculiarity of the inflammatory process is that the disease has axial inflammation (all joints of the affected finger hurt).The skin over such a joint has a burgundy color.
Inflammation can affect the joints of the bones of the right or left hand, but very rarely both at once, which indicates its asymmetry.
gout
Gout is to blame for the pain in less than 4% of cases.It is most common in men, most often manifests itself with damage to the big toe, and then affects other joints.It occurs in the age range of 20 to 50 years.On the hands, the disease develops from damage to the thumb (rarely from the little finger), then spreads to other joints, the pain worsens at night, which disrupts sleep patterns and quality, the thumb acquires a red hue and becomes hot to the touch.
The duration of an acute attack can reach up to 12 days, after which the pain subsides.Characteristic of this disease is the paroxysmal course of the pain syndrome.
Injuries
Injuries and dislocations of the limbs play an important role when the fingers hurt.When cartilage tissue is damaged, its gradual regeneration occurs, but there will no longer be complete and identical cartilage;in any case there will be a defect to one degree or another.At first there may be no symptoms, but gradually the cartilage tissue wears out and no longer fully performs its functions, which leads to pain (pain occurs first when the little toe is affected).
Other diseases
De Carvin's tenosynovitis causes pain in 2-3% and involves an inflammatory process in the muscle tissue of the thumb.Usually the pain occurs at the base of the joint;it is spontaneous or provoked by overload, increasing during flexion and extension (the pain does not appear in the area from the index finger to the little finger).
With rhizarthrosis, the thumb of the hand hurts, pathology of its articulation occurs, most often it manifests itself in connection with polyosteoarthrosis, less often independently.It is provoked by a strong constant load.De Carvin's tenosynovitis is difficult to diagnose.But in this pathology, a feature is the deformation of the bones of the fingers, which is clearly visible on the X-ray of the hand.
Treatment
Timely and most importantly, correctly prescribed treatment will help to avoid pain in the later stages of life.Prevention of rheumatological diseases is an important point for maintaining the same standard of living.But what to do and how to treat the disease if it occurs or worsens?
Therapeutic methods should have an overall effect, solve several problems and promote the recovery of damaged tissue.
First of all, it is necessary to correctly diagnose the cause of the disease, then determine what method of treatment (medical or surgical).
Drug treatment
The most common group of drugs that can reduce or completely stop pain are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).In addition to the analgesic effect, they have anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicinal substance can be administered independently, taking into account the available instructions.
In arthritis, when the joints of the hands hurt, glucocorticosteroid drugs (GCS) are prescribed;this group has an anti-inflammatory effect that immediately stops the pain attack.Various oils and creams are used to enhance the healing and regenerative effect;they will also help relieve pain for a short time.
Physiotherapy methods for treatment and prevention are widespread.The most popular methods are:
- Phonophoresis.
- Ultra high frequency therapy (UHF).
- Ultraviolet and infrared radiation.
- Performing gymnastic exercises.
- Therapeutic and restorative massage.
- Moderate physical activity.
Surgical treatment
This method is radical and is used already in the late and advanced stages of the disease.Surgery is performed using prostheses, replacing joint surfaces or restoring blood flow.